Endotracheal intubation is an emergency medical procedure used to keep a patient's airway open, ensure oxygen supply, and provide mechanical ventilation if needed. This operation requires a high degree of expertise and skill and is usually performed by an experienced doctor or professional nurse. Below are the main steps in tracheal intubation, along with some additional information and advice to better understand the process.

Step 1: Preparation

First, the patient's condition and airway condition need to be assessed to confirm the necessity and feasibility of intubation. At the same time, prepare the required endotracheal intubation equipment, anesthetic drugs, aspirators, oxygen, etc. Make sure all equipment is in good working order and have backup supplies ready for emergencies.

Step 2: Anesthesia and Sedation

Before endotracheal intubation, patients usually receive anesthesia or sedation medications to reduce discomfort and pain during the procedure. The type and dosage of the drug should be adjusted based on the patient's age, weight, and health.

Step Three: Posture Adjustment

The patient usually needs to lie on his back with his head elevated 10cm and tilted back to better expose the larynx. At the same time, keeping the patient's mouth, throat and trachea in the same longitudinal axis direction will facilitate smooth intubation.

Step 4: Laryngoscope insertion and tracheal intubation

The doctor inserts a laryngoscope along the right side of the patient's mouth, moves the lens near the base of the tongue, and then lifts it up to expose the epiglottis cartilage and glottis. Once the glottis is clearly visible, the doctor will quickly insert an endotracheal tube into the trachea. During insertion, care needs to be taken to avoid damaging the teeth, nasal cavity, or throat mucosa.

Step Five: Confirm and Fix

After inserting the tracheal intubation, the doctor will confirm whether the position of the tube is correct by auscultation and observing the rise and fall of the chest. Once the location is confirmed, the doctor will use tape or other securing devices to secure the catheter to the patient's face or neck to prevent it from moving or falling out.

Step 6: Follow-up care and monitoring

After tracheal intubation, regular suctioning is required to maintain the patency of the tube and avoid clogging with secretions. At the same time, closely monitor the patient's vital signs and condition changes, such as heart rate, respiration, blood oxygen saturation, etc. Provide necessary supportive treatment, such as medicines, fluid supplements, etc., according to the patient's needs.

Additional information and advice:

Tracheal intubation is a highly specialized medical procedure that needs to be performed by a specially trained doctor or nurse. Before proceeding, be sure to have relevant professional knowledge and skills.

When performing endotracheal intubation, attention needs to be paid to patient safety and comfort. Minimize the patient's pain and discomfort and avoid causing additional harm.

During the intubation process, the patient's vital signs and changes in condition need to be closely monitored. Once any abnormalities or complications are discovered, appropriate measures should be taken immediately to deal with them.

After endotracheal intubation, periodic assessment of the patient's airway condition and tube position is required. If the catheter is found to be displaced or blocked, it should be adjusted or replaced in time.

In short, tracheal intubation is an urgent and important medical operation that requires a high degree of professional knowledge and technology. By understanding the steps and precautions for intubation, we can better cooperate with medical staff to ensure the safety and health of patients.